How to Calculate Power Factor Corrections

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Title : How to Calculate Power Factor Corrections
Link : How to Calculate Power Factor Corrections

Power factor correction allows you to calculate active, real, reactive and phase angles. You will use the equation right triangle. So, to calculate the angle you need to understand the laws of cosine, sine, and tangent. You also need to know the Pythagorean law (c² = a² + b²) to be able to calculate the sides of a triangle. In addition, you also need to know the units / units of each power type. Active power is calculated in named units Volt-Amp-Reactive (VAR). There are several equations to calculate this problem and all of them will be discussed in this article. Now, you have the basic knowledge of the questions to be calculated.

Step

1. Calculate the impedance. (Assume that the impedance is in the same place as the active power in the image above). So, to find the impedance, you need the Pythagorean theorem c² = √ (a² + b²).
   
2. Understand that Total Impedance (represented by variable "Z") is equal to the root of Real Power squared plus Reactive Power squared.
   
   • (Z = √ (60² + 60²)). So, if you put it in a science calculator, the answer is 84.85Ω (Z = 84.85Ω).
3. Find the phase angle. Now you have a hypotenuse which is impedance. You also have a side that is a real power, while the opposite side is reactive power. So, to find the angle, you can use one of the laws mentioned earlier. For example, we use the Tangen law, namely the opposite side divided by the side (reactive power / real power).
   
   • The equation will look like this: (60/60 = 1)
4. Take the tangent inversion and get the Phase Angle. Inverse tangent is a button on the calculator. Now you take the tangent inverse from the previous Step : to get the phase angle. Your equation will look like this: tan ‾ ¹ (1) = Phase Angle. Thus, the answer is 45 °.
   
5. Calculate total current (Ampere). The unit for electric current is the ampere represented by the variable "A". The formula used to calculate the current is voltage (voltage) divided by impedance, which based on the above example will look like this: 120V / 84.85Ω. That way, you get an answer 1.414A. (120V / 84.85Ω = 1.414A).
   
6. Calculate Active Power represented by variable "S". To calculate it, you need the Pythagorean Theorem because the hypotenuse is an impedance. Remember that active power is calculated in Volt-Amp units so we can use the formula: The voltage square is divided by the total impedance. The equation will look like this: 120V² / 84.85Ω to obtain a 169.71VA answer. (120² / 84.85 = 169.71)
   
7. Calculate the Real Power represented by the variable "P". To calculate real power, you need to find the current worked in Step : four. Real power is calculated in Watts by multiplying the squared current (1,141²) with a resistance (60Ω) in an electric circuit. The answer obtained is 78.11 Watt. Your equation will look like this: 1,414² x 60 = 119,96
   
8. Calculate Power Factor! To calculate the power factor, you need the following information: Watt and Volt-Amp. You have calculated both in the previous Step :s. Your wattage is 78.11W and Volt-Amp is 169.71VA. The power factor formula (which is represented by the variable Pf) is Watt divided by Volt-Amp. Your equation will look like this: 119.96 / 169.71 = 0.707
   
   • The answer can also be presented as a percentage by multiplying it by 100 so you get an answer of 70.7% (7.07 x 100).

Warning

• When calculating impedances, you use the inverse tangent function and not just a regular tangent function in the calculator to get the right phase angle.
• This is a basic example of how to calculate phase angles and power factors. There are more complicated electrical circuits that include capacitive power and higher resistance and reactance.

Things You Need

• Science calculator
• Pencil
• Eraser
• Sheet of paper

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